Lead(Ii) Hydroxide Formula And Structure Explained

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Lead(II) hydroxide, also known as lead hydroxide or plumbous hydroxide, is a chemical compound with the formula Pb(OH)2. It is a white crystalline solid that is sparingly soluble in water. The compound is a strong base and is used in various industrial applications, including the production of batteries, pigments, and glass.

Lead(II) Hydroxide Formula

The formula for lead(II) hydroxide is Pb(OH)2. This indicates that the compound consists of one lead atom (Pb) bonded to two hydroxide ions (OH-). The Roman numeral (II) in the name indicates that the lead atom is in its +2 oxidation state.

Structure of Lead(II) Hydroxide

The structure of lead(II) hydroxide consists of a lead atom bonded to two hydroxide ions in a bent or V-shape configuration. The lead atom is in its +2 oxidation state, and the hydroxide ions are in their -1 oxidation state. The compound has a crystalline structure, with a monoclinic crystal system.

Properties of Lead(II) Hydroxide

Lead(II) hydroxide has several properties that make it useful in various industrial applications. Some of the key properties of the compound include:

• Solubility: Lead(II) hydroxide is sparingly soluble in water, with a solubility of approximately 0.15 g/100 mL at 20°C.
• Melting point: The melting point of lead(II) hydroxide is approximately 145°C.
• Boiling point: The boiling point of lead(II) hydroxide is approximately 350°C.
• Density: The density of lead(II) hydroxide is approximately 7.41 g/cm3.

Preparation of Lead(II) Hydroxide

Lead(II) hydroxide can be prepared by reacting lead(II) nitrate or lead(II) acetate with sodium hydroxide. The reaction is as follows:

Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaOH → Pb(OH)2 + 2NaNO3

Alternatively, lead(II) hydroxide can also be prepared by reacting lead metal with hydrochloric acid and then adding sodium hydroxide.

Uses of Lead(II) Hydroxide

Lead(II) hydroxide has several industrial applications, including:

• Battery production: Lead(II) hydroxide is used in the production of lead-acid batteries, which are commonly used in vehicles and other applications.
• Pigment production: Lead(II) hydroxide is used in the production of lead-based pigments, such as lead white and lead red.
• Glass production: Lead(II) hydroxide is used in the production of lead glass, which is used in applications such as radiation shielding and crystal glass.

Toxicity and Safety Precautions

Lead(II) hydroxide is toxic and can cause serious health problems if ingested or inhaled. It is also corrosive and can cause skin and eye irritation. When handling lead(II) hydroxide, it is essential to wear protective clothing, including gloves, goggles, and a face mask.

Gallery of Lead(II) Hydroxide

In conclusion, lead(II) hydroxide is a versatile compound with a wide range of industrial applications. Its unique properties make it an essential component in the production of batteries, pigments, and glass. However, it is essential to handle the compound with care due to its toxicity and corrosive nature. By understanding the formula, structure, and properties of lead(II) hydroxide, we can appreciate its importance in various industries and take necessary precautions to ensure safe handling and use.